Vertical Loop:
These loop systems are used mainly when land area is limited. A drilling rig is used to bore holes to depths of approximately 125 to 250 feet deep. A u-shaped loop of high density polyethylene pipe is inserted. The holes are then backfilled with a sealing solution. The system is closed loop meaning that the same solution placed in the system is continuously re-circulated through the system.

 

Vertical Loop

Horizontal Loop:
These loop systems are used when adequate land is available. Loop installers use a chain trencher or backhoe to dig trenches. Each trench is approximately 6 feet deep. Trench lengths range from 100 to 300 feet, depending on loop design and application. This process is also a closed loop system.

Horizontal Loop

Pond Loop:
Option available if a large body of water is present. A ½-acre, 8 feet deep body of water is usually sufficient for the average home. This closed loop system places coiled pipe on the bottom of the body of water.

Pond Loop

Open Loop:
This system does not continuously run the same solution through the geothermal system. Ground water is pulled from one location, ran through the geothermal unit, and discharged into another location. Two requirements are needed for an open loop system. The first is an abundant supply of well water must be available. The second is that a proper discharge site such as a ditch, field tile, stream, or pond must also be present. Check your local codes before selecting a discharge method.

Open Loop